From January 1 to April 1, the inhabitants grew by simply 20,107 individuals (+0.0%), reaching 41,548,787, in line with new estimates from Statistics Canada.

That’s the slowest quarterly tempo of progress because the early pandemic days and the second-weakest in practically 80 years of record-keeping.

The slowdown displays the federal authorities’s efforts to cut back each momentary and everlasting immigration.

The variety of non-permanent residents fell by over 61,000 within the quarter, led by a pointy drop in worldwide scholar allow holders, significantly in Ontario and British Columbia. StatCan famous that this discount “is counter to the standard seasonal sample of a rise within the first quarter.”

Quarterly inhabitants progress fee, Canada, 2014 to 2025

Non-permanent resident decline drives historic slowdown

Robert Kavcic, senior economist at BMO, mentioned the coverage shift is contributing to a “main inhabitants adjustment” that’s now underway.

“Non-permanent immigration to Canada remained destructive in Q1 (i.e., a internet outflow) following caps on worldwide college students and momentary overseas staff put in place final 12 months,” he wrote in a be aware. “The method of normalizing this phase of the inhabitants is now properly underway—Ottawa is concentrating on a 5% share from above 7% on the excessive. That means additional internet outflows forward, seemingly proper by means of 2026.”

Everlasting immigration, nevertheless, remained “strong” by historic requirements, Kavcic added, with 104,256 new everlasting residents admitted in Q1. Nonetheless, Kavcic famous that that is additionally down from current highs given diminished federal targets.

Inhabitants losses had been recorded in Ontario (-5,664), British Columbia (-2,357), Quebec (-1,013), Newfoundland and Labrador (-115), and Yukon (-15). For Ontario and B.C., StatCan mentioned these had been the most important quarterly losses since knowledge assortment started in 1951.

Alberta continued to guide inter-provincial migration traits, gaining a internet 7,176 individuals from different provinces in Q1—its eleventh consecutive quarterly enhance.

Nevertheless, Kavcic famous that affordability-driven migration patterns could start to shift. “Affordability was in all probability the most important cause for motion to Alberta and Atlantic Canada; however with Ontario costs and rents down… the ‘movement-for-affordability arbitrage’ could be working its course,” he wrote.

Wanting forward, Kavcic expects Canada’s inhabitants progress to proceed cooling, significantly with internet births at -5,628 within the quarter.

“The method will take us again to situations that extra intently resemble these within the pre-pandemic decade: About 1% inhabitants progress; sturdy everlasting immigration, some NPR flows the place wanted; however fewer infants,” Kavcic famous.

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Final modified: June 18, 2025